What does hydropericardium refer to?

Hydropericardium specifically refers to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac, which surrounds the heart. This condition can occur due to various factors, such as inflammation, heart failure, or infection, leading to excess fluid buildup that can restrict heart function and lead to complications. The pericardial sac is normally filled with a small amount of fluid to lubricate the heart during its movement; however, an excessive accumulation can lead to increased pressure on the heart and hinder its ability to pump effectively.

Understanding this term is important in medical contexts, especially in diagnosing and treating cardiovascular conditions, as it clearly distinguishes this condition from others that may involve different bodily cavities or systems.