What causes razor burn?

Razor burn occurs primarily due to the removal of the epidermis while shaving. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and during shaving, particularly with improper technique or tools, this layer can become damaged. Shaving can irritate the skin, especially if the blade is too aggressive or if the skin is not adequately prepared. When the epidermis is compromised, it can lead to inflammation and discomfort, which are characteristic symptoms of razor burn.

While moisture, blade sharpness, and post-shave products can all influence the likelihood of experiencing razor burn, they are not the direct causes of the condition. Excessive moisture may actually help soften the hair and skin, making shaving easier. Using dull blades can lead to a less clean shave and potentially increase irritation, but the primary cause remains the damage to the skin surface itself. Harsh chemicals applied after shaving can cause irritation or exacerbate existing discomfort but again do not cause the actual skin damage that leads to razor burn. Thus, the primary factor identified here is the removal of the epidermis during the shaving process.